How is cancer of the oral cavity treated?
Before starting treatment, all the results (FNA, pathology report of biopsy, CT and MRI) are reviewed at the head and neck multidisciplinary meeting (MDM) by a team of doctors including radiologists, pathologists, surgeons, radiation oncologists and medical oncologists. Recommendations for treatment are made. Usually, the recommendation is to excise the cancer with a margin of healthy tissue and perform a neck dissection. Radiation and or chemotherapy may be required afterwards depending on the final pathology report.
If a large part of the oral cavity is excised, then the area is reconstructed with tissue taken from other parts of the body. Sometimes the tissue can be taken from the neck and rotated into place without disturbing the blood supply of the tissue. Other times tissue is taken from further away along with its artery and vein which are then joined to an artery and vein in the neck (free flap surgery / microvascular surgery).
For larger cancers, rehabilitation involves working with a speech therapist to learn how to swallow and talk again. A dietician and physiotherapist are also involved. Treatment of cancer of the head and neck involves a team of dedicated health professionals to get the best results.
